人类生理学/血液生理
< 人類生理學
血液概观[编辑]
气体交换[编辑]
血液成份[编辑]
血浆组成[编辑]
红血球[编辑]
概观[编辑]
功能[编辑]
白血球[编辑]
功能[编辑]
血小板[编辑]
止血(凝结或凝血)[编辑]
血型与输血[编辑]
ABO 血型[编辑]
表面抗原[编辑]
继承[编辑]
血液/血浆传输的相容性[编辑]
新生儿的溶血性疾病(Hemolytic Disease)[编辑]
血液相关的疾病[编辑]
温韦伯氏疾病(Von Willebrand Disease)[编辑]
弥漫性血管内凝血(Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation,DIC)[编辑]
血友病(Hemophilia)[编辑]
Factor V Leiden[编辑]
贫血(Anemia)[编辑]
镰状细胞(Sickle cell)[编辑]
红血球增多症(Polycythemia)[编辑]
白血病(Leukemia)[编辑]
词汇表[编辑]
- 白蛋白(Albumin)
- a major blood protein responsible for the maintenance of osmotic (water) pressure in the blood
- 贫血(Anemia)
- a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin caused by lack of iron, folic acid or vitamin B12 in the diet, or by red blood cell destruction; associated with decreased ability of blood to carry oxygen
- B细胞
- cell responsible for the distribution of antibodies
- 嗜碱性粒细胞(Basophil)
- this white blood cell enters damaged tissues and releases a histamine and other chemicals that promote inflammation in the body to fight pathogens
- 血液
- the means and transport system of the body used in carrying elements - nutrition, waste, heat - from one location in the body to another by way of blood vessels
- 嗜酸性粒细胞(Eosinophil)
- white blood cell that is involved in the immune response against parasitic worms (such as tapeworms and roundworms). Named because it stains with the red dye "eosin."
- V Leiden因子
- most common genetic hypercoagulability disorder.
- Formed Elements
- the red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets found in blood
- 红血球比容(Hematocrit)
- measurement of the % of red blood cells found in blood
- 血红素(Hemoglobin,Hb)
- iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that combines with and transports oxygen
- 血友病(Hemophilia)
- genetic disorder in which the affected individual may have uncontrollable bleeding; blood does not clot
- 止血(Hemostasis)
- the process by which blood flow is stopped; also describes the clotting of blood
- 淋巴细胞(Lymphocytes)
- cells of the Lymphatic system, provide defense against specific pathogen or toxins
- 单核细胞(Monocytes)
- The largest white blood cell. Becomes a macrophage when activated. Engulfs pathogens and debris through phagocytosis, also involved in presenting antigens to B and T lymphocytes.
- 中性粒细胞(Neutrophils)
- the most common white blood cell; they are phagocytic and engulf pathogens or debris in the tissues; also release cytotoxic enzymes and chemicals to kill pathogens
- NK-细胞
- also known as "Natural Killer Cells", these T lymphocytes are responsible for surveillance and detection of abnormal tissue cells; important in preventing cancer
- 吞噬作用(Phagocytosis)
- process by which amoeboid-like cells engulf and ingest, and thereby destroy, foreign matter or material
- T细胞
- cells that mediate by coordinating the immune system and enter the peripheral tissues. They can attack foreign cells directly and control the activities of other lymphocytes